Cephalic presentation

The baby is in a head down position, the most usual position to be born.

Cephalopelvic disproportion

This is a medical term which means that the baby’s head cannot pass through the mother’s pelvis. This may be because the mother’s pelvis is too small or sometimes it is because the baby’s head is not in the best position. It usually means that a Caesarean section is necessary.

Cervix

The neck or opening of the uterus, which protrudes down into the top of the vagina and opens up during the first stage of labour to let the baby through.

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

Chorionic villus sampling is an antenatal screening test for genetic conditions such as Down’s syndrome. A sample of the placenta is removed using a fine needle guided by ultrasound. It is usually carried out at about 12 weeks of pregnancy.

Colostrum

This is the milky fluid secreted from the breasts soon after birth which is very concentrated and contains antibodies and anti-infective agents to protect your baby. Some women notice that a little colostrum leaks from their breasts during pregnancy.

Contractions

The muscles of the uterus contract to open up the cervix when the baby is ready to be born. These tightenings are called contractions and are felt as pains that come and go at regular intervals. They may feel like period pains, backache, or as strong pulling pains low down at the front of the bump.

Crowning

The point in labour at which the widest part of the baby’s head is coming through the exit of the vagina.